Learning JavaWeb Encoding

Learning JavaWeb Encoding

  JavaWeb / Project
  3 minutes read (About 498 words) 0 visits

项目配置

页面乱码

页面乱码只需设置相关 字符集编码 即可。

JSP页面：

<%@ page pageEncoding="UTF-8" contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>

pageEncoding :该页面编码格式；
charset :页面解码格式；

HTML页面：

<meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html;charset=utf-8">

传值乱码

页面 到 controller 传值乱码需要在 web.xml 配置字符编码过滤器。

直接应用 spring 中字符编码过滤器：

<!--字符编码-->
<filter>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
        <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

  • 分析源码发现作用相当于servlet中：

    request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");  
    response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

  • Spring自带过滤器主要针对POST请求，对GET请求无效。
    对于GET请求的参数乱码，解决方法是采用数据还原：

    String userName = request.getParameter("userName");     
    userName = new String(userName.getBytes("iso8859-1"),"UTF-8");

  • <url-pattern> 中匹配说明：
    /: 不会匹配到.jsp，但会匹配/login等路径类型的url；
    /*: 会匹配/login、    .jsp、*.html等路径；

根据源码可 自己编写 字符编码过滤器：

public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {
    private String encoding = null;
    private FilterConfig filterConfig = null;
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {
        this.filterConfig = config;
        this.encoding = config.getInitParameter("encoding");
    }
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        if (encoding != null) {
            request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
            response.setContentType("text/html;charset=" + encoding);
        }
        chain.doFilter(request, response);
    }
}

存入数据库乱码

需要在 数据库配置文件 设置参数。

url=jdbc:mysql://gojay001.mysql.rds.aliyuncs.com:3306/trade?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8

环境配置

Tomcat配置

在tomcat的 conf/server.xml 中配置Get请求默认编码：

<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"  
      connectionTimeout="20000"  
      redirectPort="8443"   
      URIEncoding="UTF-8"  
      useBodyEncodingForURI="true"  
      />

数据库配置

安装mysql之后默认的字符编码为 latin1 :

  1. 查看: 

    $ show variables like '%char%';

  2. vi /etc/my.cf 修改为下面内容后重启mysql：

    [mysqld]
    character_set_server=utf8
    lower_case_table_names=1
    datadir=/var/lib/mysql
    socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
    user=mysql
    symbolic-links=0
    sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES 
    [mysqld_safe]
    default-character-set = utf8
    log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
    pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
    [client]
    default-character-set = utf8
    [mysql.server]
    default-character-set = utf8
    [mysql]
    default-character-set = utf8

其他问题

  • HTML文件显示乱码：
    将编码格式保存为UTF-8包含BOM。
  Encoding, Java
Learning JavaWeb Path

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